Utilization Of Sorghum Ingredients And Co-Products In Aquatic Animal Feed Production
Project Details
- Sajid Alavi
- University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff
- Year: 2013
Executive Summary:
Increasing cost of fish meal and declining price of shrimp has necessitated search for alternative source for protein. Plant sources have shown great potential in recent research. This study therefore examined the use of distiller dried grain with solubles (DDGS) from sorghum in the production of sinking shrimp feed. Five shrimp feeds were formulated with various levels of DDGS ranging from 0-40 percent and were produced using extrusion and pellet milling methods. Specific mechanical energy (SME) showed some increase with more DDGS in the formulation. Bulk density of extruded and pelleted feed varied from 0.53–0.58 gcm-3 and 0.61–0.65 gcm-3, respectively. Practically all feed showed almost 100 percent sinking characteristics except for extruded feed with the most DDGS inclusion that had 88 percent sinking feed. Pellet durability index (PDI) of extruded and pelleted feed did not show any particular pattern in the unmodified test, whereas both demonstrated an increasing trend, up to 20 and 30 percent DDGS for the extruded and pelleted feed, respectively in the modified test. Proximate content significantly (P<0.05) changed at different level of DDGS inclusion. Degree of gelatinization generally increased with more DDGS, and extrusion showed more gelatinization than pelleting. Water stability for extruded and pelleted feed ranged from 76.2–91.57 percent and 80.46–85.04 percent, respectively, and was significantly influenced by duration in water and level of DDGS. In both growth trials there were no significant differences for final mean weight and survival rate among any of the DDGS sorghum level in extruded or pelleted.